Agricultural Economics

 

Fruit and Vegetable Supply-Chain Management, Innovations, and Competitiveness

Determine both the relative competitiveness of the U.S. fruit and vegetable industry, and strategies for enhancing competitiveness. Analyze the economics of environmental factors affecting the U.S. fruit and vegetable industry as input into both firm level decision-making and public policy analysis. (2033)

PI: Raymond Schatzer

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA

 

Improving the Efficiency of Markets and Institutions

Increase the use of marketing tools, which can help producers increase income or reduce risk. Increase the efficiency of the marketing system in terms of providing incentives for producers to produce what consumers want. Determine the efficiency of public institutions such as public schools and public data collection. (2170)

PI: Wade Brorsen

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, Oklahoma State University Foundation

 

Agricultural Water Management Technologies, Institutions and Policies Affecting Economic Viability and Environmental Quality

Objective 1. Evaluate the farm-level economic and environmental implications of alternative resource-conserving irrigation technology and water management systems. (2257)

PI: Arthur Stoecker

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Alternative Crop Production Issues and the Economics of Cucurbit Crops in Oklahoma

Determine for Oklahoma researchers and farmers the economic and financial feasibility of cucurbits (watermelon, cantaloupe, muskmelon, squash, cucumber, pumpkin) under alternative production strategies. Specific objectives are to provide enterprise budgets for cucurbits in Oklahoma similar to those developed for other crops. These budgets will reflect a whole farm approach including other crops involved in the rotations. The budgets will estimate land, capital, equipment, and labor physical input requirements and associated costs for cucurbit crops under Oklahoma conditions for a variety of production strategies. 2) Determine the potential financial and economic feasibility that cucurbit crops have for providing a main or supplemental source of income for Oklahoma farmers. Estimates of the variability in economic returns will be determined as well as point estimates of average returns. (2348)

PI: Merritt Taylor

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Wes Watkins Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University

 

Evaluating Opportunities for Oklahoma’s Value-Added Food and Agricultural

Products Processing and Distribution Industries

The overall objective of this project is to analyze ways to develop and enhance the

value-added food and agricultural products industries in Oklahoma. Specific objectives are: 1. Examine factors affecting the location and/or relocation of agribusiness of Oklahoma.  More specifically, identify factors the have led to an industry’s presence, expansion, and/or decline in the state. 2. Assess the market potential for new and/or niche value-added food and agricultural products that may present opportunities for Oklahoma’s production agriculture. These assessments are a crucial component of the strategic planning process that will help ensure the success of small/niche agribusiness firms (Phillips and Peterson, 1999). 3. Identify and evaluate the opportunities for and feasibility of value-added activities for Oklahoma’s primary agricultural commodities (i.e. livestock, wheat, poultry, corn, and milo) and alternative crops (e.g. guar, eastern red cedar, high-antioxidant horticultural crops, etc.), including assessments of business and market risks. To achieve the objectives, research projects are proposed for testing the following hypotheses. Hypotheses associated with factors affecting agribusiness processing activities and distribution center location decisions include: A. Policymakers and community leaders do not fully understand the many factors that play a role in the location, relocation, expansion, and/or statewide exit of value-added processing/distribution centers. For examples, state policymakers and agencies often inquire as to why a state with extensive cattle and wheat production has no large cattle slaughtering facilities and a very small flour milling industry. Limited understanding of location factors and their impacts on plant locations has led to the disappearance of some industry sectors and many state-supported business failures. B. Given the diversity of Oklahoma’s production agriculture and the increasingly innovative industrial uses for co-products from production agriculture, unexplored market opportunities exist for technology-generated derivatives from Oklahoma agriculture. C. Opportunities exist for producer coalitions to generate additional income from their raw agricultural production through the development of producer-owned processing operations in Oklahoma. (2349)

PI: Rodney Holcomb

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma Food and Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma Wheat Commission, University of Arkansas

 

Determination of the Factors that Influence Changes in U.S. Land use Patterns

Generally the objectives fall into three broad research areas including the estimation of the land use trends and productivity, the factors responsible for these trends, and new land use projections. Identify the general trends (patterns) in the U.S. land use changes. Estimate the effect of changes in U.S. agricultural policy (e.g. commodity programs, conservation and environmental programs, credit, etc.) on land use changes. For a selected set of counties in several USDA regions, identify the amount and location of land that has a potential to convert from one major land use to another based upon physical characteristics. Identify the socioeconomic characteristics that may encourage or discourage the conversion of land with the physical potential for conversion. Examine the potential for expansion of the results from B-2 to all areas of the United States. Develop new or modify existing models to predict the location of specific land use changes. Predict location specific land use changes under alternative economic and policy scenarios. Estimate the impact of these predicted land use changes on prices, incomes and local economic activity. (2361)

PI: Michael Dicks

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Competitiveness, Value-Added and Risk in the Oklahoma Grain and Oil Seed Industry

Identify new and emerging value-added markets for grains and oilseeds. Analyze the responsiveness of these markets, for example: to own price, price of complements, price of substitutes, income, transportation costs, and exchange rates. Analyze the competitiveness and risk management of grains and oilseeds in new uses under alternative supply and demand scenarios. (2362)

PI: Robert Oehrtman

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Economic Analysis of Management Strategies to Use Livestock and Poultry Waste in Oklahoma

The overall objective is to decide optimal sizes and types of livestock and poultry production and waste management systems that meet environmental constraints for water and air quality in Oklahoma. Specifically for representative livestock and poultry producers the research would evaluate the effect of air and/or water quality constraints on the: 1) cost of production, 2) most cost effective modifications to existing facilities to meet increased environmental constraints, 3) implications of new research findings on cost and management of animal waste, 4) optimal type and size of waste management system, 5) optimal type and size of poultry or livestock production facility, and 6) sustainability of crop and livestock production systems in selected locations in Oklahoma. (2363)

PI: Arthur Stoecker

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, North Carolina State University

 

Economic Diversification and Community Development Options/Models for Rural Oklahoma

The overall objective of the proposal is to analyze alternative development strategies for   rural Oklahoma communities to aid in diversifying and strengthening the local economy. Specific objectives include: 1. Develop a community simulation model and procedures to analyze impacts of change in the local economies of rural Oklahoma communities. 2. Assess trends and forces shaping retail/small business performance in rural or small communities for Oklahoma. (2364)

PI: Michael Woods

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma State University Foundation, Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education

 

Impacts of Trade Agreements and Economic Policies on Southern Agriculture

To determine the economic consequences of trade impacts stemming from changes in domestic agricultural and economic policies and to assess alternative strategies to improve the competitiveness of Southern agriculture. (2388)

PI: Shida Rastegari Henneberry        

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, Oklahoma Wheat Commission, USDA-ERS, Oklahoma Department of Agriculture

 

Competitiveness and Value-added in the U.S. Grain and Oilseed Industry

Identify new and emerging value-added markets for grains and oilseeds. Analyze the competitiveness of grains and oilseeds in new uses under alternative supply and demand scenarios. (2390)

PI: Robert Oehrtman

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Economic Analysis of Alternative Agricultural Production Systems for Oklahoma

The overall objective of this project will be to evaluate the economic consequences of agricultural production alternatives for Oklahoma. Impacts of alternative practices and systems on expected net returns, variability of returns, and input requirements will be investigated. In addition, compatibility of the alternative production practices and enterprises with conventional practices and enterprises, resources, and institutional constraints, and potential external costs will be considered. Specific objectives are to: 1. Determine the economic and institutional feasibility, with respect to expected net return, production and financial risk, and rate of return on resources, of alternative production systems compared to existing ones. 2. Determine environmental tradeoffs between alternative and contemporary production systems. (2403)

PI: Francis Epplin

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA

 

The Evolution of Institutions and Coordination in Agricultural Production and Marketing Systems

The specific objectives of this project are to: Create a revised paradigm that integrates cultural change, values and norms, psychology, value differentiation and complementarities into a comprehensive theory of institutional change in agricultural markets. Determine how producers experienced with various contracting, identity preservation, alliances, and value based pricing systems evaluated the costs and benefits of participating in those systems. Evaluate the characteristics, attitudes and beliefs of producers that are most likely to participate or not participate in alternative coordination systems. Determine whether rural elevator managers and directors could adopt value-based pricing and identity preservation storage and shipment strategies that would provide higher prices for specific types of food and feed grains and better serve the needs of grain processors. Identify and describe the characteristics of strategic alliances in agricultural industries; Estimate the costs, benefits, and net benefits of existing strategic alliances in beef and wheat; Determine whether beef processors would adopt value-based pricing that provides rewards for producers in strategic alliances for supplying higher quality products and allow the processors to better serve developing branded product, institutional and restaurant markets. (2404)

PI: Dan Tilley, Clement Ward, Phil Kenkel

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA Rural Business Cooperative Service

 

Imperfect Markets in Rural Economic Development

The general objective of the proposal is to evaluate the effects of selected imperfect markets on rural economic development in Oklahoma. Specific studies are identified in the next section on procedures. However, study objectives include: (1) the effects of imperfect competition in the timber processing industry on raw material prices, forest land rents, regional income and employment, and regional household welfare; (2) determining under-or over-investment in rural transport infrastructure and research and development in food processing as public goods; (3) assessing the effects of externalities on natural resource projects and the impacts on rural economic development; and (4) addressing issues of market interdependencies, data and parameter estimations in general equilibrium modeling, and methods of formulating and evaluating policies for correcting effects of imperfect markets. (2405)

PI: Dean Schreiner

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education

 

Changes in Ag Input and Output Markets as a Result of Scientific Developments in and Regulation of Biotech

Analyze the effects of biotechnology developments on farm costs, returns, competitive positions, spatial location of production and marketing institutions. Describe federal and international policy developments in the biotechnology sector and determine how those policies affect the market for U.S. agricultural products. Determine the market shares, size and number of firms, types of alliances, product mix, number of patents of firms in the farm supply sector and the effects of proposed mergers and alliances on industry concentration. Determine the impacts of business conduct, including tying arrangements, contract prohibitions, aggressive patent enforcement and other practices on structure and performance in the agricultural input supply sector. (2406)

PI: Marcia Tilley

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Systems for Controlling Air Pollutant Emissions and Indoor Environments of Poultry, Swine, and Dairy Facilities

1. Develop and improve sustainable systems to reduce air pollution emissions from poultry, swine, and dairy buildings and improve indoor air quality. (2419)

PI: Arthur Stoecker

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Resource and Environmental Economics of Animal Production and Land Use

The objectives of this research program are twofold: 1) to address natural resource and environmental issues of relevance to Oklahoma and the nation and 2) to contribute to the developing theoretical and empirical economic literature on contracting and policy design over natural resource and environmental issues.  (2431)

PI: Tracy Boyer

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Management and Information Support for Oklahoma Farmers and Ranchers

Determine and report average Oklahoma land values for cropland and pasture by region. Collect and report typical cropland and pasture rental arrangements for Oklahoma. Collect and report normal custom rate charges for fieldwork and planting, haying, harvesting, and livestock management activities. (2432)

PI: Darrel Kletke

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma Tax Commission

 

Providing Essential Rural Infrastructure with Emphasis on Health  

The overall objective of this research project is to develop economic tools and incorporate them into educational materials and technical assistance programs for rural decision-makers as they make decisions relative to structural changes in their community delivery system. More specifically, the objectives are discussed by service. These are: PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: to develop budgets of primary care health services that enable decision-makers to design a financially sound system meeting needs of their population; to further research the importance of the health sector on a rural economy; and to measure the impact of critical access hospitals on health delivery and the community's economy. SOLID WASTE: to develop budgets that enable decision-makers to design a financially sound system; and to further investigate rural collection systems, which address illegal dumping problems. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES: (Part of Primary Care but problem is such that it needs special attention) to update budgets such that decision-makers can evaluate costs of alternative delivery systems; and to study alternative systems to determine if they are cost efficient and medically effective. (2433)

PIs: Gerald Doeksen, Michael Woods

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Economics of Oklahoma’s Swine Industry, Selecting Swine Production-Waste Management-Marketing Systems and Strategies

The overall objective of this project is to identify resource requirements and management practices associated with economically feasible swine production systems. In addition this project will determine the economic feasibility of increased swine production and processing and the impacts of economic, community and environmental resources in Oklahoma. The objectives studied are dependent on evolving support and interest. The objectives are: 1. To determine resource requirements, operating costs, and economic returns for selected swine production systems under alternative management systems and ownership structures. 2. To identify management and human capital, financial, land (crop) base and other resource characteristics of farms where each swine production system would best fit. 3. To identify and evaluate financial, production, marketing and personnel management strategies that enable independent and contract swine producers to reach management objectives in an uncertain environment. 4. To delineate the economic conditions under which Oklahoma producers have a comparative advantage in swine production and the conditions necessary for and upper limits of economically feasible swine industry expansion (production and processing) in Oklahoma given a global market for both swine and pork and increased concern for environmental resources. 5. To identify, update and evaluate the impact of the swine industry on economic, community, and environmental resources. (2434)

PIs: Bailey Norwood, Derrell Peel, Arthur Stoecker, Michael Woods

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Missouri-Colombia

 

Economic Research on Livestock Production, Marketing, and Industry Issues

The overriding objective of this project is to generate information enabling individual producers and groups of producers to make informed marketing-related decisions. Specific objectives fall into three categories: 1. Evaluate production-marketing alternatives on the basis of their potential for enhancing producer profitability; 2. Determine how to effectively use alternative methods of price discovery and coordination; and 3. Assess impacts from consolidation and related issues from alternative market or legislative remedies. (2471)

PI:  Clement Ward

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Costs, Benefits, and Risks of Integrated Pest Management in Grain Storage and Food Processing Facilities

The general objective of the proposed research is to improve the ability of the grain marketing system to respond to increased pesticide regulations and to consumer demands for wholesome, insect-free foods.  The specific objectives are:  (1) Estimate costs and risks associated with chemical-based and IPM-based pest-control strategies in stored grain facilities, and (2) Estimate costs and risks associated with chemical-based and IPM-based pest-control strategies in food processing facilities. These objectives directly address the following priorities in the Division’s Strategic Plan (DASNR,1999): Priority Area 3 – Enhance Agriculture’s Profitability, Competitiveness, and Sustainability, Goal 2 (Improve Farm, Ranch, and Agribusiness Management Practices), Priority Area 4 – Protect and Sustain the Environment, Goal 3 (Expand and Promote Strategies for Integrated Pest Management in Rural and Urban Environments). (2489)

PI: Brian Adam

Cooperator: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station

 

Providing Information and Decision Support Tools to Increase the Effectiveness of Traditional and Non-Traditional Cooperatives

The overall objective of this project is to increase the effectiveness of traditional and non-traditional cooperatives.  Specific objectives include: Objective 1. Measure the efficiency gains of coordinating cooperative grain handling, fuel and fertilizer delivery, fertilizer and plant protection application, and other key services over larger geographic areas and develop information and decision support tools to firms considering these arrangements.

This objective will contribute to the OSU Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources strategic plan in Priority Area 3: Enhance Agriculture’s Profitability, Competitiveness and Sustainability (Goal 2: Improve Farm, Ranch and Agribusiness Management Practices). Objective 2. Determine the factors affecting the success of mergers and other collaborative arrangements among Oklahoma cooperatives during the past ten years and the factors affecting the success of these arrangements.  Factors hypothesized to have an impact on merger success include the debt and equity and profitability characteristics of the cooperative firms, the size of cooperative, similarity in operations and departments and management style. This objective will contribute to the OSU Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources strategic plan in Priority Area 3: Enhance Agriculture’s Profitability, Competitiveness and Sustainability (Goal 2: Improve Farm, Ranch and Agribusiness Management Practices). Objective 3. Determine the factors impacting the feasibility of value-added processing activities and develop information and decision support tools to help producer groups determine the feasibility and risk of  New Generation Cooperatives and other producer-owned value-added efforts.  This objective will contribute to the OSU Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources strategic plan in Priority Area 3: Enhance Agriculture’s Profitability, Competitiveness and Sustainability (Goal 3: Enhance Market Opportunities for Oklahoma’s Commodities and Value Added Products and Goal 4: Expand Food and Agricultural Product Processing and Product and Process Development). Objective 4. Investigate the feasibility of common types of shared-service cooperatives in Oklahoma and develop information and decision support tools to assist farmer producer groups, businesses and public agencies evaluate the potential for shared-service cooperatives. This objective will contribute to the OSU Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources strategic plan in Priority Area 5: Strengthen Rural Oklahoma (Goal 1: Increase the Economic Competitiveness and Sustainability of Rural Communities and Industries and Goal 2: Improve Capacity of Elected Officials and Other Local Leaders to Deal with Economic Development and Quality of Life Issues in Both Urban and Rural Areas.) (2491)

PI: Phil Kenkel

Cooperators: Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station, Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, Oklahoma State University Foundation, USDA/CSREES, Kansas State University